The center of the earth is cooling and its effects are dangerous
Scientists have found that The center of the earth is cooling fast Than expected, viz Even the end of the planet and the end of all life on it. Therefore, they are studying the subject in depth.
More than 4.5 million years The center of the planet Since it is so hot, it is important for life. Inevitably it gets colder, which causes In the future it will become cold and dull rock.
In a recently consulted trial BBC Some scientists have found such cooling It’s fast Than I thought.
Despite the above, no one can see how the earth cools completely. Even if it happens fast, it’s happening over millions of years, so it’s not clear what will happen when it comes. Death of the planet.
More experts Agreed to study these processes The key to a better understanding of the events that affect the evolution of the earth and the life that lives on it.
First, it must be remembered that the center of the earth is about 3,000 km below the surface of the earth, and its temperature ranges from 4,400 C to 6,000 C, which is about the same as the sun.
It has two layers; The first is the interior, which consists of a composite fluid made of iron and nickel Outside, the Earth’s magnetic field is forming., Which protects it from the sun and wind. When it cools completely, the magnetic field disappears along with the rest.
Its thermal energy emanates from the interior and is associated with such phenomena Volcanic activity and movement of tectonic plates It can cause earthquakes and other events.
A team of scientists from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich and the Carnegie Institution of Science in the United States believe that one way is to understand. The key to central cooling lies in the minerals that carry the center into the mantle.
Is An important boundary formed by a mineral called bridgemanite, Its structure is made of glass and is found only under high pressure and at a depth of 700 km, which is the basis for radiating heat from the center to the outside.
Currently no technology allows the excavation and study of minerals at that depth, so ETH Professor Motohito Murakami designed an experiment to simulate these conditions from a laboratory.
He was one with his team Method for measuring the amount of thermal bitmanite conduction. To do this, they created a diamond from the material from which it was made and inserted it into a device that simulated the pressure and temperature of the core boundary.
They shot the pulse of the laser beam on it, which irradiated and heated the object, allowing it to see and detect how the object was operating in different conditions. The thermal conductivity of bridzmanite is about 1.5 times higher What to do.”
That is, the flow of heat from the center to the overlay is greater than previously thought. In other words, The faster that exchange is lost the faster the heat is lost from the center.Accelerates the cooling of the earth.
Scientists believe that Cooling also changes the composition of the minerals Found in the mantle. For example when Bridgemanite cools, which mineralizes after perovskite.
Post-Perovskite conducts heat better than bridzmanite, although the latter is the first mineral The cooling of the earth will be greater.
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